Income, Institutions and Education as Human Development Indicators and their Impact on Human Rights

Jovanović, Predrag and Vuković, Ana and Ostojić, Ivana (2020) Income, Institutions and Education as Human Development Indicators and their Impact on Human Rights. In: Towards a better future : human rights, organized crime and digital society : conference proceedings. "St. Kliment Ohridski" University, Faculty of law - Kicevo, Bitola, pp. 25-37. ISBN 978-608-4670-14-8

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Abstract

The levels of gross domestic product (GDP) and personal income are not the only determinants of citizens’ quality of life and of the level to which they will be able to achieve their human rights. Human development is a wider concept that involves the creation of an environment that will enable citizens to fulfill their needs and interests. Despite rising GDP and income in the past period, Serbian society became more closed regarding mobility to higher levels of education. Moreover, during the past decade, the rise of GDP and income was followed by the weakening of institutions, stagnation in the fight against corruption, and poorer rule of law. One of the consequences of rising inequalities and weakening of the rule of law and institutions were more intensive migrations from Serbia to Western European countries although income lag was reduced.

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